Mynt Models does not offer hourly or full time escorts. We represent accomplished, caring career women and models,
available for occasional dinner engagements and travel. Our minimum booking time is an extended date – twilight til dawn – by appointment only.
For the top percentile, within a refined, discreet environment. Read our guide here.
Elite Travel Companions New York: Your Gateway to Global Adventure
New York City operates as America’s premier departure point for international business and luxury travel. From Teterboro’s private jet terminals to JFK’s First Class lounges, Manhattan serves as launch pad for global adventures requiring sophisticated companionship. For the distinguished gentleman conducting business across continents or seeking leisure travel that transcends ordinary tourism, elite travel companions based in New York transform solitary journeys into shared experiences worth remembering.
Since 1991, Mynt Models has connected discerning travelers with New York’s most sophisticated travel companions. Women whose passports document extensive international experience, whose cultural intelligence spans continents, and whose adaptability makes them ideal travel partners. For everything from weekend Hamptons escapes to month-long global adventures, you can expect a high standard.
These aren’t naive companions hoping to see the world. They’re accomplished women who’ve already traveled extensively and bring genuine sophistication to journeys requiring both social grace and personal compatibility. The difference reveals itself immediately. Beautiful companions exists everywhere.
However an elite New York travel companion understands private aviation protocols, and navigates five-star properties across time zones with ease. She speaks multiple languages fluently, and possesses the emotional intelligence to know when you need engaged conversation, versus comfortable silence during fourteen-hour flights.
This distinction matters profoundly when travel extends beyond single evenings into multi-day experiences, where compatibility determines whether trips feel effortless or exhausting.
Contact us to obtain exclusive access to the private area, which houses comprehensive profiles of all our lovely models.
Arriving in Style: New York Airports and Private Aviation
New York’s aviation infrastructure caters specifically to those who refuse to compromise on travel quality. Elite travel companions based in Manhattan understand these environments intimately, having departed through them dozens of times for destinations worldwide.
Teterboro Airport: Private Aviation Excellence
Teterboro Airport in New Jersey serves as the New York metropolitan area’s premier private aviation facility. Located just twelve miles from Midtown Manhattan, Teterboro handles more private jet traffic than virtually any airport globally. Your travel companion familiar with Teterboro understands the protocols. She arrives appropriately dressed for private terminal environments, carries luggage suitable for jet storage limitations, and navigates the streamlined security and customs procedures that make private aviation efficient.
Private jet travel with refined NYC travel companions transforms the experience entirely. The intimacy of aircraft cabins requires companions comfortable with proximity over extended flights, who engage naturally during takeoff and landing, and who understand when to converse, versus when you’re reviewing documents. Elite New York travel companions bring books appropriate for their interests, dress in layers suitable for variable cabin temperatures, and possess the grace to make twelve hours from Teterboro to Dubai feel effortless rather than confined.
JFK Private Suites: Commercial Aviation Elevated
For those occasionally flying commercial first class, JFK’s Private Suites provide exclusive terminals bypassing traditional airport chaos. Biometric screening, private TSA clearance, dedicated customs facilities, and direct tarmac access to aircraft create experiences approaching private aviation convenience. Travel companions experienced with these facilities understand the protocols, arrive with proper travel documentation, and appreciate environments designed for those who value time above all resources.
Newark Liberty Private Terminals
NetJets and other operators maintain private facilities at Newark Liberty International Airport, providing additional departure options for Manhattan-based travelers. Elite NYC travel companions adapt to whichever facility suits your aircraft and schedule, bringing flexibility that eliminates logistical complications. Whether departing from Teterboro, JFK, or Newark, sophisticated travel companions make the process seamless through their experience and adaptability.
Preview A Few Elite Travel Companions
Available For New York City
Our exceptional companions represent the finest travel escorts Manhattan has to offer. Each adorable woman in our collection has been carefully assessed and selected for her beauty, intelligence, warmth and poise, as well as her genuine appreciation of luxury travel. To view complete profiles and arrange introductions, contact our concierge for confidential access to our private portal.
Where to Stay: NYC's Most Exclusive Hotels for Pre-Departure Luxury
Extended travel often begins with nights in Manhattan before departure or upon return. New York’s Forbes Five-Star hotels provide ideal environments for travel companions to coordinate, relax before long journeys, or decompress after international flights.
The Mark Hotel on the Upper East Side offers residential luxury with bold design by Jacques Grange. The hotel’s proximity to Central Park provides peaceful mornings before afternoon departures, while Jean-Georges Vongerichten’s restaurant ensures exceptional dining without leaving the property. Travel companions appreciate The Mark’s contemporary aesthetic and the neighborhood’s calm energy compared to Midtown’s intensity. Pre-travel nights here allow proper rest and preparation rather than rushing from offices to airports.
The St. Regis New York provides Beaux-Arts elegance on Fifth Avenue with legendary butler service ensuring seamless travel preparation. Your butler coordinates wake-up calls for early flights, arranges car service to Teterboro, confirms your companion’s luggage meets airline specifications, and handles any last-minute requirements. This invisible support allows you both to focus on the journey ahead rather than managing logistics.
Baccarat Hotel New York brings French crystal artistry to Midtown with Forbes Five-Star service. The property’s sophistication appeals to travel companions who appreciate European aesthetics, while the location provides convenient access to Midtown offices for final business before departure. The Bar’s intimate atmosphere offers ideal settings for pre-travel dinner and conversation, establishing rapport before extended time together.
The Peninsula New York on Fifth Avenue provides rooftop views, comprehensive spa facilities, and the Midtown convenience business travelers require. Travel companions value The Peninsula’s understanding of executive schedules. Flexible check-in times, 24-hour concierge, and proximity to helicopter services for Hamptons weekends or Teterboro transfers create operational efficiency that sophisticated travel demands.
Unforgettable Dining Experiences:
New York's Finest Cuisine
Pre-departure dinners or post-travel celebrations at Manhattan’s exceptional restaurants allow travel companions to establish connection with you before journeys, or commemorate successful trips with you.
Eleven Madison Park provides contemporary American cuisine in Art Deco surroundings overlooking Madison Square Park. The plant-based tasting menu demonstrates culinary innovation alongside technical mastery. Dining here before international travel creates memorable New York moments, while your travel companion’s genuine appreciation for culinary craftsmanship establishes shared aesthetic values before extended time together.
Le Bernardin maintains three Michelin stars through unwavering seafood excellence. The refined atmosphere and exceptional wine list create ideal pre-travel dinner settings where conversation flows naturally. Elite travel companions comfortable at Le Bernardin demonstrate the sophistication essential for representing you well at business dinners during international trips or social occasions at luxury resorts worldwide.
Per Se overlooks Central Park from the Time Warner Center with Thomas Keller’s French-influenced cuisine. The nine-course tasting menu and impeccable service create experiences worthy of celebrating successful business trips or inaugurating extended vacations. Travel companions who appreciate Per Se’s attention to detail bring similar conscientiousness to travel logistics and social situations throughout journeys.
Masa offers Japanese omakase at Manhattan’s highest prices for the 26-seat sushi counter. The intimacy and refinement demand companions comfortable with understated luxury who appreciate craftsmanship without needing constant entertainment. Travel companions who genuinely enjoy Masa’s aesthetic bring similar appreciation for quality over spectacle during travels to destinations worldwide.
Ready to explore the world with sophisticated companionship? Contact our dedicated concierge for confidential consultation about arranging elite travel companions for your upcoming journeys.
Members-Only Clubs in NYC:
Where Elite Travelers Gather
New York’s private members’ clubs provide venues where business travelers and social elites gather, creating opportunities for pre-travel networking or celebrating successful trips with sophisticated travel companions who understand these environments.
The Core Club in Midtown attracts international business leaders and cultural figures. The club’s multiple dining rooms, business facilities, and accommodation options serve traveling executives conducting final meetings before departures or initial gatherings upon return. Travel companions comfortable at The Core Club demonstrate the professional polish necessary for representing you well during business travel where social dynamics affect professional outcomes.
Zero Bond in NoHo brings contemporary club culture to New York with membership emphasizing creative industries and entrepreneurship. The restaurant, screening room, and event spaces attract younger wealth and cultural figures. Travel companions who navigate Zero Bond naturally possess the contemporary sophistication suited for business trips to emerging markets or leisure travel to destinations favoring modern luxury over traditional formality.
Soho House New York provides multiple locations across Manhattan, offering creative industry networking and accommodations. Travel companions with Soho House familiarity understand contemporary media and entertainment cultures, bringing conversational engagement suited for trips involving these industries or destinations where creative scenes flourish.
Why Elite Travelers Trust Mynt Models as Their Confidential Leisure Concierge
Elite Escorts NYC at a Glance
Absolute Discretion Across Borders:
- Serving Manhattan since 1991
- Elite escorts who instinctively understand NYC’s social codes
- Absolute privacy (NDAs, secure protocols)
Exceptional Bespoke Standards
- Verified frequent flyers with valid passports and visas
- Dedicated, white-glove leisure-time concierge to manage your bespoke itinerary as needed
Cultural Sophistication & Refinement
- Companion Profile: Accomplished professionals, Ivy League educated
- Culturally fluent, never embarrass or disappoint
Romantic Experiences in New York City Before Departure
Building rapport with travel companions before or during extended journeys creates comfort and familiarity that makes the actual travel more enjoyable. New York provides countless opportunities for genuine connection that establishes compatibility before committing to multi-day adventures.
Central Park offers timeless romance regardless of season. Autumn walks through golden foliage, winter ice skating at Wollman Rink, spring cherry blossoms near the reservoir, summer Shakespeare performances.. These simple experiences allow natural conversation and comfort to develop. Travel companions who genuinely enjoy Central Park’s beauty rather than merely tolerating your interests demonstrate the adaptability essential for extended travel, where flexibility matters more than rigid itineraries.
The High Line provides elevated park experiences combining urban architecture with landscape design. Walking from Gansevoort to Hudson Yards allows conversation to flow naturally without the intensity of face-to-face dinners, creating ease that translates directly to long flights and extended time together. Your travel companion’s genuine enthusiasm for New York’s urban transformation signals intellectual curiosity that makes her interesting company during travels spanning days or weeks.
Lincoln Center performances offer cultural engagement revealing your travel companion’s genuine interests. Does she appreciate opera authentically or merely tolerate your preferences? Can she discuss ballet intelligently or is she checking her phone during performances? These observations predict how she’ll engage with cultural experiences during international travel where compatibility determines whether trips feel enriching or exhausting.
Luxury Shopping in New York City
Fifth Avenue and Madison Avenue shopping provides opportunities for travel companions to acquire appropriate attire for upcoming trips while demonstrating the taste and restraint that sophisticated travel requires.
Bergdorf Goodman offers comprehensive luxury fashion where travel companions can select appropriate attire for specific destinations. A week in Saint Tropez obviously requires different wardrobes than business meetings in London or safari adventures in Kenya. Elite NYC travel companions understand these distinctions instinctively, selecting pieces appropriate for your itinerary without requiring guidance. This fashion intelligence matters profoundly when traveling to destinations where appropriate dress affects social reception.
The boutiques along Madison Avenue in the 60s and 70s provide intimate shopping experiences where established relationships yield personalized service. Travel companions familiar with these environments navigate them gracefully, understanding that luxury shopping involves restraint rather than acquisition. She appreciates quality without needing constant purchases, demonstrating the financial maturity essential for extended travel where expenses accumulate quickly without conscious management.
Dover Street Market brings avant-garde fashion to Manhattan’s shopping landscape. Travel companions who appreciate DSM demonstrate contemporary aesthetic awareness suited for trips to fashion-forward destinations or business involving creative industries. Her ability to navigate between classic Fifth Avenue luxury and contemporary Dover Street innovation signals the cultural flexibility that makes extended international travel genuinely enjoyable.
Day Trips and Weekends from New York City
Weekend getaways from Manhattan allow you to assess compatibility with potential long-term travel companions before committing to extensive international journeys. These regional trips provide extended time together without the complexity of international travel.
The Hamptons: Manhattan’s Beach Retreat
The Hamptons represent New York’s classic summer escape, accessible via helicopter from Manhattan in thirty minutes or chauffeur-driven vehicles in under three hours. Southampton, East Hampton, and Montauk offer distinct experiences from established old-money elegance to contemporary beach culture. Travel companions familiar with Hamptons dynamics understand which venues suit different occasions, which beaches offer privacy versus social scenes, and how to navigate the social complexities that accompany concentrated wealth in seasonal settings.
Topping Rose House in Bridgehampton provides boutique luxury with Jean-Georges Vongerichten’s restaurant. Weekend trips here allow extended time with travel companions in relaxed yet refined settings, establishing whether genuine compatibility exists beyond Manhattan’s intensity. Can she genuinely relax or does she require constant stimulation? Does she adapt to different paces or maintain single-energy regardless of context? These observations predict how she’ll handle varied travel scenarios during international journeys.
Hudson Valley: Pastoral Sophistication
The Hudson Valley offers historic estates, acclaimed restaurants, and natural beauty within two hours of Manhattan. Rhinebeck, Hudson, and Millbrook provide weekend escape options revealing whether travel companions genuinely appreciate varied environments or prefer urban energy exclusively. Elite travel companions who enjoy Hudson Valley’s pastoral pace demonstrate the adaptability essential for travel spanning urban capitals and resort destinations.
Twin Farms in Vermont (three hours from NYC) provides ultimate luxury in pastoral settings. The all-inclusive resort’s comprehensive excellence and intimate scale create ideal environments for extended weekends establishing deep compatibility before international adventures. If rapport flourishes at Twin Farms, it will likely translate well to extended international travel where comfort with each other matters more than external stimulation.
New England Coastal Escapes
Newport, Rhode Island and Martha’s Vineyard offer accessible luxury within reach of Manhattan for long weekends. These destinations reveal whether travel companions genuinely appreciate American coastal culture or prefer international glamour exclusively. The social dynamics of New England summer communities provide useful compatibility tests before committing to extended travel requiring social adaptability across diverse environments.
Manhattan’s event calendar provides opportunities to evaluate how travel companions handle high-profile social occasions before representing you at international business dinners or resort galas during extended travel.
The Met Gala in May represents American fashion’s most significant annual event. While attendance requires specific invitations, the energy surrounding the event permeates Manhattan’s fashion and cultural scenes. Travel companions connected to fashion and cultural industries understand the significance, can discuss the exhibition themes intelligently, and appreciate the intersection of art, fashion, and society that defines the event. This cultural literacy translates directly to international travel in fashion capitals where such knowledge affects social reception.
New York Fashion Week occurs twice annually, concentrating industry figures and cultural influencers in Manhattan. Travel companions involved in fashion or cultural industries navigate Fashion Week naturally, understanding its significance beyond surface glamour. Their ability to engage credibly with these dynamics predicts how they’ll represent you during business travel involving creative industries or luxury brand partnerships.
The Tribeca Film Festival attracts entertainment industry elite each spring. Travel companions who appreciate cinema authentically rather than merely attending for social positioning bring genuine enthusiasm that makes cultural travel more enjoyable. Can she discuss filmmaking intelligently? Does she genuinely enjoy cinema or merely tolerate screenings? These distinctions matter during extended travel where shared interests determine whether trips feel enriching or obligatory.
US Open Tennis Championships in Queens each September provide accessible elite sporting events. Travel companions who genuinely enjoy tennis bring enthusiasm that enhances experiences during international travel to Wimbledon, Roland Garros, or Australian Open. Her authentic appreciation for sport versus feigned interest reveals itself quickly, predicting whether she’ll genuinely enjoy versus merely tolerate sporting elements of international travel itineraries.
Sample Itinerary: A Magical
New York-to-Hamptons Weekend
Our dedicated, white-glove concierge provides wonderful bespoke itineraries where needed. This curated weekend demonstrates how elite NYC travel companions transform regional getaways into genuinely memorable experiences establishing compatibility for extended international adventures.
Friday Evening: Pre-departure dinner at Le Bernardin (7:30 PM) allows initial connection in a refined Manhattan setting. Conversation establishes rapport and confirms mutual attraction before the weekend together. Retire early to The Mark Hotel for nightcap and rest before Saturday morning departure.
Saturday Morning: Helicopter departure from Manhattan Heliport (10:00 AM) to East Hampton. Your travel companion’s comfort with aviation and genuine excitement for the weekend establishes the tone. Lunch at The Maidstone in East Hampton provides relaxed oceanfront dining where conversation flows naturally.
Saturday Afternoon: Private beach time or exploring East Hampton’s galleries and shops reveals her genuine interests. Does she genuinely appreciate art or merely perform enthusiasm? Can she relax on the beach or does she require constant activity? These observations predict extended travel compatibility.
Saturday Evening: Sunset cocktails followed by dinner at Topping Rose House. The Hamptons’ informal elegance tests whether she adapts to different social energies or maintains single presentation regardless of context. Evening conversation reveals intellectual depth and humor compatibility essential for extended travel.
Sunday Morning: Wake slowly, a leisurely breakfast and ocean walk allow natural conversation without structured activities. The ease you both feel during unplanned time predicts how extended international travel will feel when itineraries require flexibility. Check out by noon for helicopter return to Manhattan.
Sunday Afternoon: Return to Manhattan (1:00 PM) provides time to decompress separately before Sunday evening together if desired, or part ways with clarity about future travel compatibility. The weekend provides comprehensive compatibility assessment impossible during single Manhattan evenings.
Insider Tips for New York City Visitors
Seeking Travel Companions
Timing Matters for Availability: Elite NYC travel companions maintain busy schedules combining their primary careers with selective companionship. Planning trips 2-3 weeks in advance ensures access to preferred companions rather than settling for available alternatives. Last-minute arrangements sometimes succeed but limit options significantly.
Extended Time Reveals Compatibility: Single dinners provide insufficient assessment for international travel compatibility. Weekend trips to Hamptons or Hudson Valley reveal crucial dynamics. Can she handle downtime gracefully? Does genuine rapport develop or does conversation feel forced? Does she adapt to your energy or require constant management? These observations matter profoundly for extended international travel.
International Experience Varies Significantly: Not all NYC travel companions possess extensive international experience. Some have traveled primarily within North America while others maintain passports documenting dozens of countries across multiple continents. For international business trips requiring sophisticated companionship in global capitals, select companions with demonstrated international experience rather than assuming all NYC-based companions travel extensively.
Private Aviation Experience Differs: While many elite travel companions have flown privately, frequency varies dramatically. Some fly privately regularly while others have limited experience. For extended private jet journeys, select companions specifically experienced with private aviation rather than assuming all luxury travel companions understand these unique environments.
Language Capabilities Matter Internationally: Many sophisticated NYC travel companions speak multiple languages fluently while others remain English-only despite international experience. For trips to non-English-speaking destinations where your companion will interact with local staff, hotels, and social situations, confirm language capabilities explicitly rather than assuming multilingual fluency.
Seasonal Considerations Affect Manhattan: Summer sees many wealthy New Yorkers decamping to Hamptons, Nantucket, or European destinations, potentially affecting companion availability. Fall and spring offer optimal Manhattan energy when cultural calendar activates fully. Winter provides intimate luxury experiences when tourist crowds thin. Consider these seasonal dynamics when planning NYC-based time with travel companions.
Pre-Trip New York Time Establishes Foundation: Whenever possible, spend 2-3 days in Manhattan with your travel companion before departing for international destinations. This NYC time allows rapport to develop, establishes communication patterns, reveals compatibility issues before you’re committed to extended international travel, and creates shared experiences that ease the transition into prolonged time together abroad.
Why Distinguished Travelers Choose New York-Based Companions
New York-based travel companions offer specific advantages over companions from other cities, making Manhattan the ideal source for sophisticated travel partnership.
Cosmopolitan sophistication defines NYC travel companions. They’ve lived in the world’s most international city, interacted with global business elite, experienced diverse cultures within Manhattan itself, and developed the social intelligence that extensive urban sophistication provides. This translates directly to international travel where cultural adaptability determines whether companions enhance or complicate journeys.
Many NYC travel companions maintain independent careers in fashion, media, finance, or cultural industries, providing financial independence that allows them to decline incompatible arrangements and accept only travel where genuine interest exists. This selectivity ensures enthusiasm remains authentic rather than financially motivated, creating experiences that feel more like traveling with accomplished partners than hired companions.
New York’s position as global business hub means travel companions understand executive lifestyles instinctively. They appreciate that business obligations take precedence during work trips, that you’ll spend hours in meetings while they entertain themselves, that social dinners serve professional purposes requiring their sophisticated presence but not dominant personalities. This understanding makes them ideal for business travel where companionship must enhance rather than complicate professional objectives.
The cultural capital NYC travel companions have accumulated through living in Manhattan creates conversation depth impossible for companions from less culturally rich environments. They can discuss Broadway intelligently, have opinions on contemporary art informed by regular gallery visits, understand global cuisines from dining in the world’s most diverse restaurant scene, and bring intellectual engagement that makes extended travel genuinely interesting rather than merely pleasant.
Begin Your Journey with Elite New York Travel Companions
Whether you’re planning international business trips requiring sophisticated companionship, extended vacations to exotic destinations, or regular weekend escapes from Manhattan, Mynt Models provides access to New York’s most accomplished travel companions. Women whose passports document extensive international experience, whose cultural intelligence spans continents, and whose adaptability makes them ideal partners for journeys requiring both social grace and genuine compatibility.
Our New York travel companions understand what makes extended travel successful. Not just beauty and intelligence, but the emotional maturity to handle long flights gracefully, the flexibility to adapt when plans change, the independence to entertain themselves during your business obligations, and the genuine enthusiasm that makes sharing adventures pleasurable rather than exhausting. They bring sophistication earned through actual experience rather than studied behavior, creating travel partnerships that feel authentic because they are.
Contact our concierge team to begin a confidential conversation about your travel plans and preferences. We’ll introduce you to NYC travel companions whose backgrounds, personalities, and experience align perfectly with your vision for sophisticated travel companionship. Whether departing from Teterboro for European business trips, planning extended Asian adventures, or seeking weekend Hamptons companions before committing to international journeys, we’ll ensure your travel experiences exceed expectations through thoughtful companion matching and comprehensive logistical support.
Answers to questions about elite NYC travel companions
New York travel companions bring cosmopolitan sophistication essential for international journeys. They’re experienced with private aviation, understand global luxury hospitality standards, speak multiple languages fluently, navigate international social settings with ease, and possess the cultural intelligence necessary for business travel across continents. NYC travel companions transform business trips from isolated work obligations into enjoyable experiences, providing intellectual engagement during flights, sophisticated presence at dinners, and genuine companionship that makes extended travel genuinely enjoyable.
Yes, elite New York travel escorts regularly accompany clients to international destinations worldwide. They hold valid passports, understand visa requirements, and possess the flexibility for extended international travel. Not to mention the cultural fluency. Whether flying to London for business meetings, vacationing in the Maldives, or conducting multi-city European tours, NYC travel companions provide sophisticated companionship that enhances rather than complicates international journeys. They’re often multi-lingual, and know the etiquette and protocols of different cultures so you’re not explaining things or embarrassed. Our concierge team handles all logistics including travel documentation, accommodation coordination, and itinerary planning.
Arranging refined travel companions for bespoke business trips begins with consultation with our dedicated concierge team about your itinerary, business obligations, and preferences for companionship style. We match you with NYC travel companions whose sophistication, discretion, and adaptability suit business travel requirements. Our white-glove concierge coordinates all logistics, be it flights, accommodations, or ground transportation, allowing you to focus on business while enjoying sophisticated companionship during downtime. Elite travel companions understand when you need to work versus when you want company, providing flexibility essential for business travel.
Yes, elite New York travel companions are experienced with private jet travel through Teterboro Airport, JFK Private Suites, and other exclusive aviation facilities. They understand private terminal protocols, dress appropriately for aviation environments, and navigate the unique dynamics of private jet travel with complete ease. Many have extensive experience flying privately to destinations worldwide. This makes them ideal companions for elite gentlemen who travel exclusively via private aviation, and expect companions comfortable in these elevated environments.
Popular destinations for New York travel companions include The Hamptons and upstate New York for weekend escapes, Miami and Caribbean islands for beach vacations, European capitals (London, Paris, Zurich, Monaco) for cultural travel, Dubai and Asian destinations for business trips, and luxury resorts worldwide (Maldives, Bora Bora, St. Barts) for extended vacations. NYC travel companions adapt to any destination, bringing sophistication and cultural intelligence whether accompanying you to business meetings in Tokyo or leisure travel in the Mediterranean.
Elite New York travel companions are available for extended periods from long weekends (3-4 days) to multi-week international adventures. Many clients arrange week-long business trips combining work obligations with leisure, two-week vacation getaways to exotic destinations, or even month-long arrangements for extensive travel itineraries. The benefit of having someone there when you need, who understands your preferences, is priceless. Extended travel allows genuine rapport to develop, creating experiences that feel more like traveling with a caring, supportive partner than hired companionship. Our white-glove concierge team coordinates all aspects of extended travel arrangements as needed.